PROSPECTS FOR DEMOGRAPHIC DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF PRESERVING HUMAN POTENTIAL

Abstract

In the article, based on the analysis of government documents and modern scientific approaches to the problems of demographic development, an attempt is made to investigate the prospects for improving the demographic situation in our country after the end or termination of the legal regime of martial law and during the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine; it is shown that modern Ukraine needs a systemic strategic solution that will make it possible to minimize demographic risks and mitigate threats, ensure balanced long-term reproduction of the population, the required amount of human capital and the number of the workforce for the conditions of martial law and post-war economic recovery and the formation of demographic stability; it has been proven that the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war and its negative consequences only deepened the demographic problems that had been accumulating for 30 years – until February 24, 2022, and were already a serious challenge for the Ukrainian state; it was found that the main problems of the demographic sphere of the pre-war period were the reduction of the population of Ukraine, primarily due to the excess of the death rate over the birth rate, high mortality rates of men of working age and the aging of the population; analyzed the Demographic Development Strategy of Ukraine for the period until 2040, approved by the order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated September 30, 2024 № 922-r, which contains measures to increase the birth rate, reduce premature mortality and ensure migration growth of the population of Ukraine, takes into account the need to stop the population decline and creation of conditions for sustainable long-term reproduction of human capital; it is proved that the Ukrainian state in the long term (until 2040) foresees the search for quick solutions for adaptation to demographic challenges in order to acquire demographic stability.